To Kill A Mockingbird Innocence Essay - 1418 Words

In the novel, to kill a mockingbird, Harper Lee presents three very distinct types of innocence that are portrayed by different characters throughout the novel. A good part in this story’s brilliance is that Harper Lee has managed to use the innocence of a young girl to her advantage. She does this by telling the whole story from a child’s point-of-view. By having an innocent little girl make racial remarks and regard people of color in a way consistent with the community, Lee provides the reader with an objective view of the situation. As a child, Scout can make observations that an adult would often avoid. In addition, readers are also likely to be forgiving of a child’s perception, whereas they would find an adult who makes these†¦show more content†¦Ironically, at Tom’s trial, Dill sobs when the Ewells succeed in the lies they tell to the jury. He later says, â€Å"It ain’t right, somehow it ain’t right to do ‘em (Black pe ople) all that way†. This would be because Dill is from Mississippi and has not yet absorbed the racism and prejudice from Maycomb County. Therefore, this shows us that Dill’s lies are innocent ones that bring no form of harm to anyone else unlike Mayella Ewell, who’s lies frame Tom Robinson of rape. Dill also has his morals set right and is able to tell right from wrong. The next type of â€Å"innocence† evident in the novel would be legalistic innocence, which means that this person has not broken any laws of the country. Boo Radley and Tom Robinson are shown as being legalistically innocent in the novel. In fact, they share many similarities even though one is white and the other is black. In my opinion, both of these men are â€Å"mockingbirds†, however, in this case one is shot and the other is forced to kill. In addition, Boo and Tom are both handicapped in a way; Harper Lee hints that Boo may be mentally unstable whereas Tom is physically unstable as he is unable to use his left arm. But Tom’s race would be his biggest disability yet. Tom Robinson is innocent in the sense that he has done nothing against the law. Tom alsoShow MoreRelatedEssay On Innocence In To Kill A Mockingbird815 Words   |  4 PagesWhere Did My Innocence Go? In the rural town of Maycomb, Alabama, Scout Finch lives with her brother, Jem, and Father, Atticus. Scout teaches many lessons as well as defies stereotypes. Scout gives readers her perspective of things. In To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper Lee uses the growth and characterization of Scout to reveal to readers how innocence slowly falls away through Scout’s obliviousness about other people, Scout’s protection towards her family, and Scout’s curious ways. Although Scout startsRead MoreInnocence and Prejudice in to Kill a Mockingbird Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee is a beautiful story depicting a family living in the South of the 1930’s, and their struggle against the prejudice which was common to that time. The book centers on Atticus Finch, the father of the family as well as a lawyer, and his fight against prejudice. We see the story unfold through the innocent eyes of his young daughter, Scout, who is free from prejudice and not yet jaded. By viewing events as Scout sees them, the author shows us how to overcome prejudicesRead MoreLoss Of Innocence In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay721 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"No man knows the value of innocence and integrity but he who has lost them† In this quotation, The unknown writer explains that innocence has such great value and no man knows the importance of it except those who has lost them. In To Kill a Mockingbird, By Harper Lee, There a re three different characters that are portrayed as Mockingbirds. In To Kill a Mockingbird, The Mockingbird represents Loss of innocence. Three characters that are Mockingbirds are Jem finch, Boo radley, and Tom Robinson. FirstRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Loosing Innocence Essay1456 Words   |  6 PagesPeople can get away with killing pigeons, cardinals, and blue jays, but it is a sin to kill a mockingbird. A mockingbird wouldn’t hurt anything; it’s only purpose is to sing songs for the everyday people. Jem and Scout had to restrain from shooting the mockingbirds due to their father’s warning. The novel To Kill a Mockingbird, written by Harper Lee, is written from the view point of a little girl, Scout, in the 1930’s during the Great Depression. Her father, Atticus, is assigned a court caseRead MoreThe Significance of the Title to Kill a Mockingbird Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesESSAY: Explain the significance of the title, To Kill a Mockingbird . The title To Kill a Mockingbird is very significant to the novel as it portrays many forms of mockingbirds throughout it. As the novel progresses, it becomes clear that Boo Radley and Tom Robinson are the true Mockingbirds of the story. They both are innocent from the accusations claimed upon them. When choosing the title of the novel, Harper Lee had to make sure it stood out but also was relevant to the storyRead MoreRacial Segregation And The United Arab Emirates1422 Words   |  6 Pagesthe UAE has created a dynamic entrepreneurial environment for international investors. The finan To Kill a Mockingbird, produced in 1962, is an exquisite film adored by many. This classic trial displayed drama and established a childhood innocence from the narration of an adult’s point-of-view, which captivates the viewers’ attention throughout the entire film. To Kill a Mockingbird uses dynamic historical references, narrative structure, and editing to contrast the problem of the racism andRead MoreLife Lessons In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay849 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay In this essay I will explain how three children named Scout, Jem, and Dill absorb some life lessons throughout the story. In this story two major things taught these kids life lessons, one of them would be Boo Radley a man who had his life stolen by his father who was a radical Christian, and the second would be the false rape charge against a black man named Tom Robinson. Also poverty and racism played a part too in teaching lessons. One of the biggest life lessonsRead MoreCritical Lens: to Kill a Mockingbird873 Words   |  4 PagesSammie Clemmey February 2, 2012 Critical Lens Essay - TKAM English 9 – Friedman To Kill a Mockingbird Critical Lens Essay â€Å"It takes a village to raise a child†, is an African Proverb. In other words, it can take more than just a child’s nuclear family to make her grow into who she will be as an adult. This lens is true because even though parents and siblings have a major effect on a child, and how they turn out later on in life, society and a child’s surrounding are whatRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay1076 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill A Mockingbird Essay In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird a major theme is the loss of innocence. Whether from emotional abuse, racial prejudice or learning, Boo, Tom, and Scout all lose their innocence in one sense or another. The prejudice that each character endures leads to their loss. Through the responses of Boo, Tom, and Scout, Harper Lee shows how each character responded differently to their loss of innocence. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird the character of Boo Radley is theRead MoreAdversity In To Kill A Mockingbird Analysis701 Words   |  3 Pages In the Coming of Age novel To Kill A Mockingbird, the idea presented that adversity plays a vital role in shaping an identity. The Essay will be talking about three characters that are affected by adversity, how you know what affected them and what is their character shape? priding it does not cause you to trust anyone in the novel because they might not be what they seem. In To Kill A Mockingbird there is one character that never really changes in the novel is Atticus. Atticus

The Canadian Inuit And Animals For Supplies - 1038 Words

For many of years animal activists have been trying to put a stop to all animal hunting, abuse, using animals for supplies. The problem with doing this is that it may effect a large amount of people who live off of these animals, in particularly the seal. The Canadian Inuit is a large group of people about 46,000 people as an estimation, that use seals as a multi source. The Canadian Inuit use the seal for a source of cash through fur sales, they used the seal for meat, and once used seal for oil lamps. In 1980 animal rights activists got their way and made it so that seal hunting was no longer legal. This affected thousands of Canadian Inuit who lived in small arctic hamlets who lived off of seal. The question is who is better off the Canadian Inuit, or the animals rights activists? Peter Singer is a utilitarian a philosopher who was much different from other utilitarians. The book Doing Ethics states that â€Å"Classic Utilitarianism say that the right action is the one that prod uces the best balance of happiness over unhappiness.(page 547)† SInger’s takes a different approach. He thinks of including both animals and humans in the word or category of â€Å"Everyone† â€Å"The pain and pleasure of all sentient beings much be considered when we are deciding which action maximizes the greater good.(page547)† I believe that Peter Singer would be one that has the possibility of being in favor of the ban on all seal hunting even if it would devastate the Inuit, if they did not take painShow MoreRelatedSeal Hunting Essay1353 Words   |  6 Pagestop of all this, Canadian citizens tax money is contributed to the seal hunt. With the economy like it is today, people struggling financially should not have to worry about their money going to useless projects like the seal hunt. In fact, many animal lovers and people who oppose the seal hunt are actually giving money to sponsor the seal hunt since our Canadian government taxes us on it. Is ki lling young defenseless seals for their fur, which is not in high demand but high in supply, worth all theRead MoreThe Dietary Adjustments Of A Particular Culture2087 Words   |  9 PagesTraditional dietary conversions correspond with the establishment and eventual sustainment of the Canadian North as a welfare state. 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Traditional dietary conversions correspond with the establishment and eventual sustainment of the Canadian North as a welfareRead MoreWho Is Considered An Indian1430 Words   |  6 PagesIndian then you don t get status. So what is the definition you ask? These are the definitions, the term Indian can be spilt into 3 different terms: First Nations, Metis, and Inuit. First Nations: First Nations can be defined as many terms. It could be the definition of someone who doesn’t fit the definition of Metis or Inuit. They do it by blood. To be a First Nations or Indian person you must â€Å"(1) be a member of a Tribe recognized by the Federal Government, (2) one-half or more Indian bloodRead MoreHealth of Canadian Aborigines Essay1782 Words   |  8 Pagesconcern for people around the world; however, Canadian aboriginal communities are feeling greater negative effects of food insecurity (FI). When people in a community do not have â€Å"physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life†, they are considered food insecure (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1998). While FI affects the health of all Canadians, the Aboriginal Peoples have been reported to haveRead MoreClimate Change : A New Realm Of Self Empowerment And Self Determination1215 Words   |  5 Pageshunt because now, people have to start travelling long distances from their communities to even find animals to hunt. Because of this, the people have had to start adapting to the conditions by ch anging their eating habits. Store-bought groceries have to be shipped in, and in Nunavut with no roads, products are flown in, which raises the price of food. With the availability of hunting decreasing, Inuit have to buy their own food, from stores. Shipping costs are huge because there aren t any roads toRead MoreUnderstanding The Formation, Transmission, And Transformation Of Cultural Meaning Within Societies Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pagesstructures and long lasting alliances (RRCAP 1.4 1996: 55). Cultural artifacts within the society range from elaborate animal totems that recounts and traces clan geologies and relations, to extensive oral traditions and ceremonies that recount historical exploits as well as laws and protocols that ensures cohesiveness within their confederacy of clans (RRCAP 1.4 1996: 56). The Inuit people, on the other hand, because of the harsh and remote environment in which they reside, have extensive oral traditionsRead MoreFirst Nations Of The Twenty Fi rst Century1900 Words   |  8 Pagesquestion â€Å"Why do the health concerns of First Nations differ from those of mainstream Canada?† I hope to show that the health and well-being challenges faced by First Nations people are different from those of mainstream Canadians primarily because of the history of colonization, Canadian government policies and social acceptance of those policies. In order to explore the state of the health and well-being of First Nations peoples I first need to explain the measuring stick used to determine healthRead MoreWomen In the Fur Trade2968 Words   |  12 Pagestheir participation and labor in order to ensure survival as well as economic success. This paper will attempt to illuminate how Native women played the role as important producers when it comes to fur trade of the American Plains and, of course, the Canadian region. This paper will also deal with the two important companys namely the North West and Hudsons Bay Company and tell how each functioned during the time of fur trade. The term â€Å"fur traders† is the term often used to described anyone who wasRead MoreEco-Buddhism7194 Words   |  29 Pagessociobiology and psychology. Human instincts have destructive as well as benign aspects. As much as we may celebrate our art, scientific knowledge or altruism, we can no longer ignore the truth that we are also ‘the most dangerous animal’.   Humans are opportunistic, as are all higher animals, and characteristically greedy. Our high intelligence confers the capacity to manipulate others to accumulate power or resources. We are quite easily trained into violent forms of aggression. Now that we have ‘accidentally’

Stress Management and Its Causes Free Essays

Stress is a term used by many, is somewhat misunderstood, and often used to describe a negative condition or emotional state. People experience various forms of stress at home, work, in social settings, and when engaged in activities to simply have fun. Police officer†s experience stresses the same as others, but also in ways much different than the average citizen. We will write a custom essay sample on Stress Management and Its Causes or any similar topic only for you Order Now The dangers, violence, and tragedy seen by officers result in added levels of stress not experienced by the general population. What is stress? Stress is not a new phenomenon, it has been experienced throughout history. Stress is a biological response to some stimulus. Fear, panic, anger, tragedy and especially pressure can cause it. Stress can result in the competitiveness needed to succeed in business, relationships, sports, and education. Is stress bad or good? It is both. Good stress is manageable stress an can actually heighten your performance in certain situations. Bad stress is unmanageable stress and lessens your performance because it†s too much to bare. Police work, by its nature, calls for an incredible amount of continual stress. The demands on police officers to show greater restraint has been increasing over the years and has increased the effects of stress on police work. Today†s police officer is now more than ever in the public eye. He now must think about consequences before his actions in every situation. If we take a quick overview of police work and look at the research we can see what are some of the biggest stresses. Having your partner killed in the line of duty, lack of support by the department and bosses, shift work and disruption of family time/ family rituals and the daily grind of dealing with the scum of society. All of these factors add up and lead to high rates of cancer, heart disease, and suicide for police officers. We are becoming all too familiar with police suicide especially with the attention it gets from the media. In New York City twice as many police officers die by their own hand than in the line of duty. Stress is put to blame for this. Every study done indicates that police officer face a much higher level of stress. For suicide there are four main factors: 1. Divorce 2. Alcohol 3. Depression 4. A failure to get help. All four factors are symptoms that can stem from an officer†s stress levels. An officer who got into trouble on the job, suspension or termination is seven times more likely to commit suicide. Police suicide is more directly linked to relationship problems which in turn is linked to job stresses. Of the last fourteen suicides of police officers in New York City eighty-six percent had just had a divorce or relationship break-up. Police officers going through a divorce are five times more likely to commit suicide than officers who have a stable relationship. Relationship problems are highly related to job stress. In fact, studies have called police work to be a â€Å"high risk† lifestyle not because of physical danger, but high risk in developing attitude problems, behavioural problems, drug problems, and intimacy and relationship problems. These studies also show that police suffer from a substantially higher divorce rate ranging from sixty to seventy percent higher than normal couples. The medical community has attributed stress to such biological responses as heart malfunctions, blood pressure variations, gastrointestinal disorders, cancer, depression, muscular discomfort, strokes, and a host of nervous system related problems. For the police officer, biological consequences can represent more long term concerns, but the short term results are the most profound. Stress of the magnitude that affect an officer†s reaction time (increased or decreased) can seriously inhibit their ability to perform a vital action. An unrealistic increase could result in overreacting in confrontational situations, while a decrease could result in a serious injury or even death. Forty-three percent of all adults suffer from adverse health affects due to stress, seventy-five to ninety percent of all physician office visits are for stress related ailments and complaints. Stress is linked to the six leading causes of death, heart disease, cancer, lung problems, accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, and suicide. Stress is a combination of physical, mental, and emotional feelings that result from pressure, worry, and anxiety. These pressures are called stressors. Some examples of common stressors are, divorce, death in the family, job change, pregnancy, marriage, and retirement. In medicine stress is a physical, chemical, or emotional development that causes strains that lead to physical illness. The early warning signs of stress include apathy, anxiety, irritability, mental fatigue, and over compensation or denial. Some signs of apathy are feelings of sadness or recreation that isn†t fun anymore. Feelings of restlessness, agitation, insecurity and a sense of worthlessness are examples of anxiety. Signs of irritability are feeling hypersensitive, defensive, and arrogant. Feeling argumentative, rebellious, or angry are also signs of irritability. Examples of mental fatigue are denying that there are problems, ignoring symptoms, and feeling suspicious. Some behavioural signs of stress are avoiding things, doing things to extremes, administrative problems, and legal problems. Avoiding things includes keeping to one†s self, avoiding work, having trouble accepting responsibility, and neglecting responsibility. Examples of doing things to extremes are alcoholism, gambling, spending sprees, and sexual promiscuity. Some administrative problems are being late to work, poor appearance, poor personal hygiene, and being accident prone. Possible legal problems are shoplifting, traffic tickets, and an inability to control violent impulses. Some physical signs of stress include excessive worrying about illness, frequent illness, and physical exhaustion. Reliance on medication including remedies like aspirin is a physical sign of stress. Ailments such as insomnia, appetite changes, and changes in weight are also physical signs of stress. Indigestion, nausea, and nervous diarrhoea, are also physical signs. Stress can be confusing. There are some myths surrounding stress. One myth suggests that stress is the same for everybody, this is not true. What is stressful for one person may or may not be stressful for another. Some people seem to think that stress is everywhere, so there is nothing a person can do about it, this is also not true. A person can plan their life so that stress doesn†t overwhelm them. Another myth is that stress is always bad for a person. This is not rue because managed stress makes people productive and happy. Some people think that only the major symptoms of stress require attention. The minor symptoms are the early warnings that a better job of managing stress is needed. There are four types of stress. There is acute stress, episodic acute stress, chronic stress, and traumatic stress. Each type of stress has its own characteristics, symptoms, duration, and treatments. Acute stress is the most common type of stress. Acute stress comes from demands and pressures of the recent past and anticipated demands and pressures of the near future. Acute stress can lead to psychological distress, tension headaches, upset stomach, and other symptoms. Some examples of stressors that can cause acute stress are, an auto accident that crumpled the car fender, the loss of an important contract, a child†s occasional problems at school and so on. Acute stress doesn†t have enough have enough time to do the extensive damage associated with long term stress. Some of the most common symptoms of stress are emotional distress, muscular problems, stomach problems, and transient over arousal. Emotional distress includes anger, irritability, and anxiety. Muscular problems such as tension headaches, upper and lower back pain, and jaw pain are also symptoms of stress. Other symptoms are stomach, gut and bowel problems. Heartburn, acidic stomach, ulcers, flatulence, diarrhoea, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome are examples of these problems. Transient over arousal is another symptom of stress which leads to elevation in blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, and sweaty palms. Heart palpitations, dizziness, and migraine headaches can also result from transient over arousal. Symptoms like cold hands or feet, shortness of breath, and chest pain are also common. Episodic acute stress is common in people who suffer from acute stress. These people†s lives are so unorganised that they are constantly in a state of chaos and crisis. They are always in a hurry, but they are always late. If something can go wrong in their life it usually does. Often these people describe themselves as having a lot of â€Å"nervous energy.† Another form of episodic acute stress comes from non stop worry, they are always worried about something going wrong. The symptoms of episodic acute stress are persistent tension headaches, migraines, hypertension, chest pain and heart disease. The treatment of episodic acute stress requires intervention on a number of levels, generally requires professional help, and may take many months. Sufferers are usually resistant to any kind of change. Chronic stress is the grinding stress that wears people away day after day after day. It destroys minds, bodies, and lives. Chronic stress comes from when a person doesn†t see a way out of a miserable situation. The worst part of chronic stress is that people get used to it and forget that it†s there. Chronic stress kills by means of suicide, violence, heart attack, stroke and cancer. The symptoms of chronic stress are hard to treat and could require a lot of medical and behavioural treatment, therapy, and stress management. Traumatic stress is a special kind of chronic stress, known as post-traumatic stress disorder. It is caused by trauma that is not handled correctly. Some examples of traumatic experiences are, accidents, rape, abuse of any kind, natural disaster, and the death of a loved one. The symptoms of PTSD are flashbacks, over arousal, emotional numbness, and emotional outbursts. People with PTSD suffer from problems with concentration, controlling impulses, and decision making. The long term consequences of PTSD are depression, anxiety, behavioural disorders, multiple personality disorders, and suicide. There are three basic strategies for dealing with stress at the source. The first strategy is altering situations to make them less stressful. Avoiding stressful situations is the next strategy. Accepting stressful situations is the other basic strategy in dealing with stress at the source. Each strategy has it†s disadvantages and it†s advantages. It†s up to every person to decide which one to use with which situation. The tougher a person†s resistance to stress is, the more stress they can take. There is a lot people can do to maximise their resistance to stress. People have resources to help them handle stress, these resources include familial and financial resources, social and spiritual resources, as well as personal resources. They can also develop good health habits and get rid of bad health habits to help build up a resistance. Following these guidelines in a person†s life is a good way to increase their resistance to stress. Eat at least one hot balanced meal per day. Improving a person†s nutritional habits makes them less susceptible to stress. Limiting a person to less than three caffinated drinks per day helps to improve their health and their susceptibility to stress. Give and receive affection regularly. Research shows that people who give and receive affection regularly, live longer and are healthier. Have at least one relative within fifty miles. Family is one of the best ways of reducing stress. Regularly attend social activities. Friends a person meets can provide a support network for good and bad times. Have a network of friends and acquaintances. A strong social network helps fight off feelings of loneliness, isolation, and despair. Have one or more friends to confide in about personal matters. Close friends boost a persons mental health just by being there. Exercise the point of perspiration at least three times a week. Exercise leads to fitness and people who are fit handle stress better. Being the appropriate weight is important not only for health reasons but for self esteem as well. Be in good health is important because a person†s health is their first line of defence against stress. Get seven to eight hours sleep as often as possible. Lack of sleep leads to exhaustion that harms a person†s health and productivity. Do something fun at least once a week. Doing something just for the fun of it improves a person†s resistance to stress because it takes your mind off your problems. Speak openly about your feelings when you are angry or worried. As one can see, stress is a combination of feelings that have different effects on peoples† health, and also there are many different ways to build resistance to it so it will not ruin your life. How to cite Stress Management and Its Causes, Essay examples

The First Thanksgiving Essay Example For Students

The First Thanksgiving Essay The First Thanksgiving Essay On September 6, 1620, 102 men, women and children from England boarded a small cargo boat called the Mayflower and set sail for the New World. The passengers left their homes in England in search of religious freedom from the King of England. Today they are known as pilgrims. After braving two months at sea, crossing the stormy Atlantic Ocean, the Pilgrims finally landed off the coast of the New World. In the freezing December waters, they anchored the Mayflower and sent a landing party to what is now Plymouth Harbor beach. To secure the small landing boat against the rain and winds, they tied it to a large rock Plymouth Rock and so begins the legend of the original Thanksgiving tale. The Pilgrims found themselves in a harsh new environment. In the middle of winter, they slowly built a settlement at the site of an abandoned Pawtuxet Indian village. Not used to hunting or fishing, they struggled to find food. Many were starving. The future looked bleak. Many of the pilgrims did not survive the first winter. By the time spring arrived, they still had not met the Indians. Instead, they lived in fear of their unseen neighbors based on savage tales they heard from scouts. When April arrived, the crew of the Mayflower raised its sails and set off for England, offering to take any Pilgrim who wished to return to England. Faced with the choice of the harsh New World, or the religious intolerance of the King, they all stayed. One day, a lone Indian man walked into the settlement. He raised his hand in friendship to the settlers. The Pilgrims welcomed this stranger named Samoset. Samoset introduced the Pilgrims to his chief, Massasoit, and his interpreter, Squanto. Squanto spoke English because he had been captured as a boy by traders who had come to the New World in search of slaves. Squanto was taken to England and lived there many years before returning to the New World. He alone understood that the Pilgrims did not know how to hunt or fish that they would die without help in the New World. Squanto and Chief Massasoit extended their friendship to the Pilgrims. They showed them how to catch fish with nets and how to grow corn, pumpkins, potatoes and squash foods from the New World. The Indians showed the Pilgrims where to hunt turkey and deer, and where to gather nuts and berries. They explained to the Pilgrims that the land was master of those who walked and lived there. The harvest of 1621 saw the fulfillment of their labors. The Pilgrims had grown barley, corn, pumpkins, and beans. The settlers labored to gather their bounty; and in thanks for their fortune, decided to honor the land with a special day of thanks and celebration. In friendship and gratitude to Squanto, Chief Massasoit and the Indian people, they invited their new friends to join in the feast. The Pilgrims spent days preparing for the feast. The men hunted ducks and turkeys, while the women baked food and decorated the table. When the day finally arrived, the Pilgrims were surprised to see not 10, not 20, but 90 Indians approaching the village! They brought with them a bounty all their own. For three days, the Indians and Pilgrims feasted and gave thanks to the land for the harvest. It was a celebration of friendship and thanks; but most of all, it was a celebration of freedom. Neither the Indians nor the Pilgrims knew what they had begun, but from this celebration emerged Thanksgiving as we know it today. We have been celebrating it as a uniquely American holiday ever since. In 1863, President Lincoln officially declared the last Thursday in November a holiday of thanksgiving and praise, and so it remains today. Happy Thanksgiving! .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 , .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .postImageUrl , .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 , .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26:hover , .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26:visited , .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26:active { border:0!important; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26:active , .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26 .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u339e87bbf268650af34e655a4453da26:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Malcolm X Persuasive EssayBibliography: .

An exploration of the ways in which the men in Journeys End and Regeneration are affected by the War Essays

An exploration of the ways in which the men in Journeys End and Regeneration are affected by the War Essays An exploration of the ways in which the men in Journeys End and Regeneration are affected by the War Essay An exploration of the ways in which the men in Journeys End and Regeneration are affected by the War Essay Both R.C Sheriff and Pat Barker use their characterisations as means of conveying the effects of the traumas of war on the soldiers in Journeys End and Regeneration. These two texts not only explore the stress and emotional problems the men endured in response to the horrors of war, but also the ways in which they coped with or tried to escape them. Journeys End and Regeneration approach these concepts in sometimes similar ways which can be directly linked, yet at other times in contrasting ways. While Journeys End illustrates the effects of war on the men on the front line in the trenches, Regeneration focuses on the suffering of the aftermath of war of the soldiers their time at Craiglockhart Hospital. In Journeys End it is apparent that Stanhope is affected by his experiences of war and turns to alcohol in attempt to cope with his suffering. Other comrades are aware that his habit has escalated Hardy comments that he never did see a youngster put away the whiskey he does and they realise how his behaviour contradicts his old principles. Sheriff demonstrates Stanhopes preceding ascetic lifestyle through Raleighs admiration, once at school he caught some chaps in study with a bottle of whiskeyThe roof nearly blew off. This distinct contrast in character, displays the way in which war could change the soldiers behaviour dramatically. Stanhope exhibits paranoia through his desire to read Raleighs letters, emphasising his need to censor all letters and urges Osborne to cross out what (Stanhope) says about (him). Through his demands, Sheriff portrays Stanhope as being ashamed of the person war has made him. Barkers portrayal of Anderson in Regeneration can be compared to Stanhope, as he too leaves the war a changed character as a direct result of his experiences. His psychosomatic struggle to face his fear of blood is demonstrated through his constant nightmares, haunting him with images of horrifying injuries of his patients. It is evident from the recurring images of blood it pumped out of him that Anderson becomes incapacitated by the fear of blood, and thus, incapable providing for his family. Sheriff uses Trotter to illustrate an alternative way in which the soldiers coped with the strains of war. In order to make the time go alright, Trotter blacks (circles) in to mark off each hour. Not only does this demonstrate the soldiers desperation for the war to end but also indicates the absence of the concept of time in the trenches. These black circles evoke images of bullet holes, showing that the concept of war is always on the soldiers minds and they struggle to escape such thoughts. Trotter is also used to create a sense of bathos throughout the play, through his constant longing for food. He recognises the lovely smell of bacon! and converses with Mason about food. It becomes evident that Trotter eats for comfort, in a similar way that Stanhope drinks. His comment that wars bad enough with pepper, but without pepperits bloody awful, creates light-hearted relief against the reality of war and death. This abrupt change in ordinary style provides a contrast in the play, givi ng the audience a sense of normality, which is unmistakably a way in which the soldiers attempt to cope with their everyday struggles in the trenches. In addition to this, the soldiers in Journeys End use trivial games, such as earwig racing, not only to pass the time, but also as an attempt to shield themselves from the psychological effects of the war. The men display enthusiasm in playing such child-like games: if you want to get the best pace out of an earwig, dip it in whiskey makes em go like hell!, suggesting that they are suffering from a loss of youth due to entering the war at such a young age, causing them to revert back to their childhood ways. Similarly, this concept emerges in Regeneration. When Burns invites Rivers to his home, he looks like a child trying to remember what it was that grown-ups said to newly arrived guests. Here Barker demonstrates how young men could often remain innocent and naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve through the carnage of war. Furthermore, Barker highlights the fact that Burns has been aged by the war and looks like a scarecrow. This depiction evokes images of a scrawny, hunchbacked man with weathered ski n and a vacant and expressionless face. The Sam Browne belt, bunching the loose fabric round his waist tied him together could be interpreted as a metaphor the belt being the one thing that is holding himself together emotionally. As a result of being pressurised to mature so hastily in becoming a captain, Burns is shown to be suffering from a loss of youth, both physically and mentally. A prominent distinction displayed between the two texts is the degree of realism established through language and the characters differing attitudes of war. The characters in Journeys End are constantly attempting to see war in a positive light and adopt an optimistic mind-set throughout their time in the trenches. Romantic imagery is a common method used in attempt to cope with the psychological scaring evoked by their traumatic experiences. Stanhope and Osborne describe the sunrise using positive adjectives such as gorgeous and splendid, provoking images of a romantic setting where battles take place. Consequently, it can be argued that this description provides an unrealistic portrayal of war. Moreover, although Osbornes comparison between sport and battle may seem true when he refers to no-mans land as the breadth of a rugger field, his association between them may also be observed as a romantic perception, as it moves away from the war. Thus, Sherriff exemplifies, through the so ldiers idealistic perceptions of war as a game, how they coped emotionally by underestimating aspects concerning war. In Regeneration, Barker perhaps provides a truer perspective of war through her use of realistic and often graphic language, a prime example being that Burns had time to realise that what filled his nose and mouth was decomposing human flesh. Through this direct and pragmatic approach, Barker explores the different effects experienced by the soldiers through various characters: Burns traumatic incident on the front line causes him to relive the horrors of his dreams and from every nightmare he awoke vomiting. Sassoon suffers form similar effects, as his hallucinations are discussed directly in the novel, the pavement was covered in corpses. Barkers honest and direct approach provides the reader with an accurate insight into the psychological distress experienced by the soldiers. However, the concept of soldiers using romance and escapism seen in Journeys End, in an attempt to evade the emotional effects, can also be found in Regeneration, through the characters Owen and Prior. Owens poetry initially provides him with escapism from the war, as he claims that he has always thought of p-poetry as the opposite of all that. The ugliness. He realises that poetry is something to t-take refuge in. Prior feels sexy while walking i nto no-mans land, conveying how soldiers often used sexuality to detach themselves from the misery of war; here, Barker demonstrates that men often coped with the ordeal of war by focussing on sex. Both authors demonstrate how soldiers can become psychosomatic in response to war. In Journeys End, Sherrif uses Hibbert to offer direct insight in to the psychological damage inflicted on the men. Hibbert claims he cant stick it any longer due to suffering from neuralgia. Despite Stanhopes disregard to this and his view of him being a worm and a shirker, Hibbert maintains that he wants to go sick. When confronted by Stanhope, Hibbert is shown with his eyes tightly screwed up as he stands quivering, evidently providing an image of someone whos mental state is seriously effected by the war. A similar notion is conveyed by Barker through Willard, who claims that he is paralysed despite Doctors telling him There was no injury to the spine. Rivers concludes that paralysis occurs because a man wants to save his life from taking part in some hopeless battle. Similarly to Hibbert, Willard is reluctant to concede anything that might suggest his illness was not purely physical. It is evident that he comes to realise that I cant walk because I dont want to go back. It can be concluded that, although both texts demonstrate the effects of war, the authors adopt similar and dissimilar methods of illustrating how the horrors of war can scar men psychologically and physically. The results of war on the men in both texts can often be directly linked, despite Sherriff and Barkers alternate styles of approach.

With Funny Quotes, Selfie Addiction May Not Be Such a Bad Thing

With Funny Quotes, Selfie Addiction May Not Be Such a Bad Thing If you havent already joined the selfie brigade, you are missing something. Even as we speak, selfies are being clicked and uploaded on every possible social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Tumblr. According to some surveys, over 1 million selfies are uploaded each day! And the number will continue to increase, as more and more people get tech savvy. Who Are These People  That Are Clicking Selfies? Who isnt? Right from your neighbor to Michelle Obama, to the Pope... everyone is clicking selfies. And why wouldnt they? It is fun to pout and pose in front of a camera, and show your flattering side without being self-conscious. With the availability of various apps in the market, you can enhance your appearance to give Angelina Jolie or Daniel Craig a run for their money. Selfie addicts often go through great pains to get the picture perfect. Many take multiple pictures until they zero in on the right one. Some go to the extent of clicking over a hundred images until they get the right pout. Selfies Are Not Just to Pout and Shoot; They Make a Statement I wonder what would Freud have to say about this new self-obsession that has caught on. Is this a narcissistic trend? To a conservative thinker, it might very well seem like a bit of self-obsession. While old school preaches humility, the new generation wants to flaunt and flash with  abandon. The youth has higher self-awareness, and they dont bury their head in the sand. On the contrary, selfies are the right instrument to make a statement. You can portray yourself in various avatars. Selfie Culture May Not Be So Bad After All Are you worried that your teenage son is growing up to be a selfie addict? Do you worry that this overbearing trend of exhibitionism  is eroding social values? Well, lets get real. This is the age of information technology, where you communicate in split seconds. Even as you read this, millions of  bytes of data are being exchanged, ideas germinated, trends created, and new business plans chalked out. Should we not board this gravy train? That said, selfies are a reflection of the changing times. Selfies document the phases of a persons life. Its like keeping an online picture book; except that you allow the world to have access to it. If selfies are created aesthetically, they can tell a story. How to Crack People Up With Your Selfies Nobody wants their selfie to go unnoticed. While going topless may not be your best bet to grab eyeballs, you can try something else instead. The next time you post your duck face, splash a funny quote right across the image. Now, youve got a winner! Who wouldnt want to smile at your selfie when they see your devil-may-care attitude? These funny quotes for selfies are just a beginning. As you get better at this game, you can create your own funny selfie quotes. You can also create cool profile quotes with your selfies. Cute profile quotes will make your selfies  popular. My formula for success is rise early, work late, and strike oil.

Homework2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Homework2 - Essay Example The Gaza Strip has been an area of interest for the Palestine and the Israel communities. If you compare the GDP of Israel with that of Palestine in 2012, we find that Israel is far much better. What creates this enormous difference? The answer is simple. Palestine is ever at war and never enjoys any political stability despite having deep oil fields worth billions of dollars. It is also evident that US, UK, Germany, France, and Japan has a relatively superior GDP compared to the rest of the world but their wealth cannot match that of the 22 Arab League Members. This is because all these countries rely on the Arab nations for energy. These countries need energy security in order to sustain their economy (Ma). It is also for this reason that US entered into an agreement with Israel to build the largest solar station in the world. Bright Source Energy and Southern California Edison are in collaboration to make this project a dream come true. This project will cause US $ $1.37 billion ( Karin Kloosterm). In order for the US to sustain their superiority, they must ensure that they have energy resources which should help keep their economy in check. This will also help them to retain their economic dominance. Ma, Damien. Dependence on Middle Eastern Oil: Now Its Chinas Problem, Too. 19 July 2012. 2014

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management Assignment - 1

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management - Assignment Example Most companies aim to make a business plan as it helps them in attaining stability and growth. Critical appraisal of the business planning process The business planning process itself has a lot of obstacles and this is one of the reasons many organizations do not make any business plans. These organizations in fact rely on the experience of entrepreneurs and top executives. Let us find out the obstacles faced in the business planning process. Idea generation The first step in a business planning process is to document which product or service the firm wants to sell. It is very relevant to find out and be clear on a business idea. Unfortunately, most business ideas may be implemented. This is because the top executives may not have conducted appropriate research on the customer market before coming out with a business idea. Another problem which individuals may face is the financial constraint. Most business ideas may not receive adequate financial funding. There are several problems which may lead to the failure of the idea. One is that the individuals who wish to launch a new product or service may lack the required skill and competence required, makes hurried decisions without making a thorough analysis of the consumer market or may be ignorant about what is to be done. Hence, most product or service ideas may miserably fail (Flint, 2002). ... These objectives need to be formulated in order to chalk out a path to attaining success. Individuals need to emphasize on certain aspects before formulating strategic objectives. These are monitoring alternatives solutions, future trends need to be predicted, problem areas need to be avoided and fixing both short term and long term goals (Ramanujam, Venkatraman & Camillus 1986). However, most planners may not be able to plan these objectives properly. This is because the above mentioned aspects need a lot of attention and lack of thorough research into these aspects may lead to wrong setting of goals. At times, the top management may set up unrealistic and unattainable goals. Market research and analysis Market research and analysis is a thorough analysis of the customer market and also seeks to find out the opportunities, strengths, weaknesses and threats. All in all in seeks to understand the product or the service market. All these aspects need to be researched in order to develo p a thorough understanding of the customer’s needs and accordingly develop specific abilities and investment required for the necessary resources. Sometimes, lack of thorough product or service market understanding, may lead to the focus on the line of product or service be either too broad or too narrow (Slater & Olson 2001). Also the specifications relating to the performance of the product or service, the prices, and the complementary product or service line may affect market analysis and research. If any of these aspects, have not been thoroughly researched then it may lead to severe problem in the implementation of the business plan. According to

Event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Event - Essay Example The event began with a salutation from our group leader followed by a few welcoming remarks and an introduction of the speaker as well as the members present and the purpose of the events. Just from this introduction I learnt the importance having an organisation of order of doing things and pulling the attention of participants in ensuring the success of any event. The speaker of the day took up from the introductions and went straight to the main objective. He described to us his life from childhood, what he has been thorough and the candid sacrifices and steps he has had to make while eyes remained set on the object of achieving success. According to the speaker ownership is a critical factor of success be in general life, academics or entrepreneurship. He emphasised the importance of persons taking the full responsibility of their life. I learnt that everything we do must be done for a purpose and in order to succeed we must always be willing to pay the price of our dreams. Staying focussed and becoming a subject matter expert in the field of interest are two other essential elements of success. The speaker also spoke about having a game plan for attaining personal or organisational goals, never giving up and being timely as crucial elements of success. In my reflection on the event therefore I think success is largely out of personal efforts and not the support of others. Even to be supported one must put an effort in winning this support. There will always be challenges in everything we do but the secret is to stay focussed and objective. This calls an understanding our purposes and goals as well as the effects of our actions to others. Being decisive and ethical in our decisions can really help us win the support of others both in life, business and as leaders and once there is the support then people share common visions and goals of success. This I think will be

Study on Phone Usage for Financial Services

Study on Phone Usage for Financial Services A STUDY ON USAGE OF MOBILE PHONE IN THE ACCESS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES AMONG RESIDENTS OF KANGUNDO CONSTITUENCY Background to the study The use of mobile has been taunted as the next big thing in the empowering of communities. ICT plays a big role in literally all spheres of life, and this explains why the government has supported laying of ICT infrastructure across the country. It is reported that Central Bank of Kenya’s enabling regulatory approach allows 23 million people (74% of adult population) to use mobile financial services via 90,000 agents (Alliance for Financial Inclusion, 2012, P.20). Expansion of the ICT sector has a direct contribution to a society’s access to information and subsequently empowerment. The use of mobile phone has revolutionized banking in the recent past, by netting the initially unbanked. Inventions in mobile phone have made tremendous contributions to financial services advancement. Banks have jostled to outsmart each other by launching varied mobile banking services, so are the mobile network operators. Such services by the banks are dependent on the platforms of existing mobile phone network operators. These services are accessed through USSD, WAP applications and internet banking. We have seen the emergence of mobile bank accounts such as M-benki (KCB), M-Shwari (CBA), M-Kesho (Equity Bank) and Pesa Mob (Family Bank). There have been partnership deals among these Banks and Mobile phone operators. Moreover, customers are able to access credit facilities through these mobile bank accounts as well as make loan payments. Other services in clude funds transfer, airtime top up, credit card payment, accessing mini-statements, balance enquiries and even stoppage of cheques. Agency Banking, which was meant to bring banking services closer to the customers equally relies heavily on the use of mobile phones. They include KCB Mtaani and Co-op Jirani. However, it is notable that there is a variation in usage of the mobile phone platform between urban and rural areas. We shall seek to know the trends in the usage of mobile phones to access financial services by residents of Kangundo Constituency. Statement of the problem This is a study to gauge whether residents of Kangundo constituency have embraced mobile phone technology to access financial services. Significance of study This study seeks to appreciate the use to technology to ease financial services accessibility. Traditional methods of visiting banks have long been overtaken by inventions in technology. Therefore this study will seek to explore whether the residents of this constituency have taken advantage of the more convenient financial services provision methods, as is now commonly known- paperless and Branchless banking. Access to banking services includes access to credit facilities which are a key catalyst for economic empowerment. The findings of this survey will prove useful to the constituents of Kangundo, financial services providers as well as mobile network operators. Purpose of the study This study seeks to: To establish the number of residents who own mobile phones To establish the number of residents who have registered for mobile phone services such as Mpesa, Airtel Money, Yu Cash and Orange Cash To establish the number of residents who have opened mobile bank accounts To establish applications used to access mobile banking services: USSD, WAP, Internet banking To establish the usage of bank agents in access of financial services To establish demographic trends in access of Banking services (Age, sex, education, employment status) Definition of concepts USSD- Unstructured Supplementary Service Data WAP Wireless Application Protocol Unbanked By definition, unbanked customers have no checking, savings, credit, or insurance account with a traditional, regulated depository institution (Delloitte, 2012, p.2) Literature Review The government recognizes ICT as a foundation for economic development, and as such, Kenya’s vision of knowledge based economy aims at shifting the current industrial development path towards innovation where creation, adoption, adaptation and use of knowledge remain the key source of economic growth as this is a critical tool for expanding human skills and rests largely on a system of producing, distributing and utilizing information and knowledge that in turn plays a great role in driving productivity and economic prosperity (Government of Kenya, 2013, p.21). One of such ICT tools is the mobile phones which continue to offer a myriad of opportunities, specifically on the financial sphere. To leverage on the above, the Government bets on the increase in communication to spur economic growth in tandem with the vision 2030 blueprint. As Watts, 2001 observes, ‘’some clients may prefer to access services at a distance. Increasingly, in all fields, consumers want a service to be available when they identify a need for it, with minimum delay and minimum effort: they want it here, and they want it now’’ (p6). The urge to access services with urgency and at a minimum cost is making more people gravitate towards technologically based products that are available through the mobile phone. The use of this gadget has simplified life and as such transactions can comfortably be initiated and terminated at one’s convenience. Further, it is notable that the settlement of these transactions is instant. ICT increase efficiency, productivity, and access to goods, services, information, and markets. Demand for these benefits is high. If the right compliments- such as power, connectivity, content, skills and support systems, functional markets and supportive policy frameworks- can be put in place, demand for ICT will be correspondingly high (William J. Kramer, Beth Jenkins, Robert s. Katz, 2007, p.9). With Kangundo being a rural area, we shall then be interested in knowing how the use of mobile phone has impacted on its residents, and whether they have taken full advantage of this revolutionary tool that continue to transform lives across the globe. Mobile phones have characterized the everyday life of Kenyans. Cheap Chinese phones have found their way in the market and this has eased the affordability of this ICT tool. Mobile ownership at the household level is almost as high as access. Approximately 75% of the households have at least a member who owns a mobile phone. In rural areas, ownership is 67% while in urban areas ownership reaches 90% (CCK, 2011, p.13). It is essential for banks to sensitize on mobile banking and ensure that customers maximize its use bearing in mind the capital invested (Korir, 2012, p.43). Information is power and banks have a role to play if they are to penetrate and crack open the mobile banking market. Banks will rely much on studies to inform their decisions on the best way to tap in to this market. The government has indeed been on the forefront by championing for ease of access of banking services to all citizens. Branchless banking through retail agents is made possible through the information and communication technologies that customers, retail agents and mobile network operators use to record and communicate transaction details quickly, reliably and cheaply over great distances. Among the first mobile network operators in the world to offer branchless banking were Globe Telecom and SMART in the Philippines. They launched their SmartMoney service in 2000 (in conjunction with Banco de Oro) followed by the G-Cash1 service in 2000. Customers can store cash, send funds from person to person, pay bills, make loan repayments and purchase goods at shops. They primarily use G-cash to buy airtime and to send money to friends and family (Financial Sector Deepening, 2009a, p1) Mobile banking represents a more cost efficient channel for the banks, allowing them to charge less for transactions, and permitting the consumer to have immediate access to information related to their bank accounts.P.3. Worldwide, more people now own a mobile phone than a bank account. A revolution in mobile phone payments is taking place. The way mobile devices are evolving makes it difficult for banks to find the right solution to manage complex technologies and provide a consistent service to customers. http://www.cr2.com/solutions/mobile-banking/mobile-banking-solution.html Alliance for financial inclusion. A High Level Conference on Kenya’s Economic Successes, Prospects and Challenges Making Inclusive Growth a Reality September 2013 Central Bank of Kenya’s enabling regulatory approach allows 23 million people (74% of adult population) to use mobile financial services via 90,000 agents. Pg 20 References Alliance for Financial Inclusion. 2013. A High Level Conference on Kenya’s Economic Successes, Prospects and Challenges Making Inclusive Growth a Reality. Retrieved on February 22, 2014 from Delloitte. (2012). Banking the Unbanked: Prepaid Cards, Mobile payments, and Global opportunities in Mobile Banking. Retrieved February 22, 2014, from https://www.deloitte.com/assets/DcomunitedStates/Local%20Assets /Documents /FSI/US_FSI_Bankingtheunbanked_043012.pdf

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars Essay

The Roles of Greek Heroism and the Gods in the Persian Wars The Persian Wars (499-479 BC) put the Greeks in the difficult position of having to defend their country against a vast empire with an army that greatly outnumbered their own. Many city-states united in battle, although others found ways to avoid participation in the wars. The Greeks also relied on the words of Apollo to guide them, but the oracle did not always act encouragingly. The Greeks defeated the Persians in the Persian Wars due to heroic actions performed by Athens and Sparta and occasional assistance from the gods, but cowardice shown by other poleis nearly ended the Greeks’ chances of success. Unity between the Greek poleis could be seen occasionally in the battles of the Persian Wars, but not consistently. The Greeks first confronted the Persians during the Ionian Revolt (499-494 BC). Ionian Greeks wanted to escape the oppressive system the Persians had them under, so they turned to the Athenians. They in turn offered 20 ships to the revolt, and the Eretrians offered five ships (Demand 1996: 184). Although the revolt was unsuccessful, the help offered by Athens and Eretria provided the first instance of unity among several Greek poleis. The Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, however, did not provide such an instance. When the Persian army headed to Greece to attack, only Athens and Plataea sent soldiers to fight them. The Spartans claimed they could not send soldiers due to a festival and only appeared after the battle was won by the Athenians and Plataeans to congratulate the victors (Demand 1996: 186-187). The victory gave a boost to the confidence of the Athenians, who felt that â€Å"at Marathon we were the only ones to face up to th... ...arta to play greater roles in battle. This produced a tension between the city-states that nearly allowed the Persians to claim victory. The Greeks turned to Apollo, but the oracle did not encourage them. The Greek forces continued to fight, however, driven by acts of bravery performed by Athens and Sparta. Though the Greeks did not achieve complete unity or receive absolute encouragement from the gods, they had enough bravery and faith to bring them success in the Persian Wars. Works Cited Crane, Gregory R. (ed.) The Perseus Project, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu, November, 1998. Demand, Nancy. A History of Ancient Greece. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1996. Dillon, Matthew, and Lynda Garland. Ancient Greece: Social and Historical Documents from Archaic Times to the Death of Socrates. London: Routledge, 1994. No. 7.42, p. 209.

3G network based security threats Essay

The key threats for 3G networks in perspective of integration of networks are: Wireless LAN customer who does not have access to 3G networks get access to 3G services without subscription. WLAN user gains access to 3G network and creates issues such as Denial of Service WLAN user gains access to 3G network and uses impersonation for using the service but charging other customers. Manipulation of charging when services like calls are transferred from one network to another. Application and Data related threats. Collection of login details and personal details that are transmitted over the network by using sniffing tools and mechanisms, especially when sufficient transport security is not set. Manipulation of information used for user authentication or service access to gain access to unauthorised services or manipulation of billing. Extracts personal information that are used at other places such as credit card information. Obtain information about user such as permanent identity in the network. Virus attacks from WLAN devices to other devices in the network Trojans and malicious software passed from one end-device to another. For volume based charging model, a rogue partner can flood the user with garbage packets to increase the invoiced amount. Malicious programs on the user terminal that increases the traffic to certain sites or content to illegally increase the traffic. Security Considerations for 3G-WLAN Integrated Networks. The security framework for 3G-WLAN integrated networks consists of various layers. Each security layer is independent of the other layers. However, there needs to be an overall security scheme that connects all the security requirements together. Also, since some of the vulnerabilities can happen at multiple layers, a holistic approach and framework is required to address all the risks of the special network. Authentication security at the user terminal. The authentication scheme in the case of 3G-WLAN should be based on a challenge response protocol similar to the existing mobile communication authentication scheme. This requires that the authentication details in the user terminal to be stored securely on UICC or SIM card. This should support mutual authentication and security mechanisms such EAP. Signalling and User Data Security. The subscriber needs to have the same level of security as the mobile access that is specified for the 3G networks. This means that the WLAN authentication and re-authentication mechanisms must be at the same levels as for 3G USIM based access. It needs to support the maintaining session key verification and maintenance. Also the 3G systems should provide the required keys with sufficient length and levels of entropy that are required by the WLAN subsystem. WLAN key agreement, distribution and authentication mechanism should be secure against any attacks by middlemen. The WLAN access technology between the user equipment and the access point/ network should be able to utilise the generated session keying material to ensure the integrity of the connection for authentication. Privacy of User Identity. The keys used by 3G AAA function that are used for the generation of temporary identities that is used for the communication between the network element and the user terminal should not be possible to recover. If it is possible to retrieve the keys, the permanent identity can be derived from any of the temporary identities. Also it should be possible to mask the different temporary identities corresponding to the permanent identity.

A Tale of Two Cities Essays

A Tale of Two Cities Essays A Tale of Two Cities Paper A Tale of Two Cities Paper Essay Topic: Literature Tale Of Two Cities John Fitzgerald Kennedy said that The courage of life is often less dramatic than the courage of a final moment; but it is no less a magnificent mixture of triumph and tragedy. This quote can be interpreted to mean that when it all comes down to the end, courage might seem more significant than the courage of normal everyday life, but really they are both as significant as each other. I do agree with this quote because all forms of courage deserve the same recognition as each other. One work of literature that I feel support this quote are A Tale of Two Cities, a novel by Charles Dickens this work is a prime examples of literature that support this quote. Through the use of characterization Charles Dickens proves this quote. The character Sydney Carton is a man who appears to be not much. He is always drunk and unkept in his appearance. His character appears to be useless to any of the other characters in the story, but he really turns out to be one of the main essential characters in the novel. When Charles Darnay stands trial for being accused of being a spy who is giving English information to the French, Sydney saves Darnay by showing how much they both look alike and thereby making all other evidence admitted obsolete. This is a small everyday act of courage that Sydney commits and shows that he really is a good natured and smart person. When Darnay is held captive and sentenced to die at the guillotine, Sydney commits the greatest act of courage. He decides to save Darnay by trading places with him. He is able to carry out this plan because of how closely he resembles Darnay. Darnay does this because he has a great love for Darnay and his family, especially for Lucie Manette, Darnays wife. This act of courage though, unfortunately costs Sydney his life. Even so, he dies with grace and dignity because he realizes what a great sacrifice he is making for others. Another was that Charles Dickens proves this quote is through the theme that love has the power to comfort, heal, and redeem. Lucie Manette is the character who emulates this theme the most in the novel. She is a constant reminder that love can heal and rejuvenate. When she meets her father, Doctor Manette, she immediately tries to care for him and become close to him again. Her father soon becomes well again and does not yearn so much for his shoe makers bench, which used to give him comfort while he was imprisoned. She gives her father the courage to be recalled to life. Also she is seen as the golden thread that weaves everyone together, giving everyone courage to live through their triumphs and tragedies. Lucie not only rejuvenates her father but also shows Sydney Carton the road to a better life. After meeting with Lucie, Sydney becomes a changed man who is no longer the drunken fool that everyone thinks he is. He actually starts to care about his life and all the people that he shares it with. John Fitzgerald Kennedy said that the courage people exhibit in normal everyday life is often considered to be less significant than acts of courage that are done in the heat of the moment, but actually have the same significance. A Tale of Two Cities, a novel by Charles Dickens agrees with this quote through the use of characterization and theme. This novel has a wonderful variety of characters that make this quote a truthful statement.

Intergenerational Attitudes in the Workplace

Intergenerational Attitudes in the Workplace Free Online Research Papers A common perception among more mature workers is that younger workers do not have the same attitudes and values that they had when they first entered the work force. As a result, many of these more mature workers fell that organizations that hire Gen Xer’s and Nexters are doomed to fail. While it is true that younger workers have different values and attitudes than their predecessors that do not necessarily mean that companies that hire them are doomed to failure. Organizations that can successfully engage and inspire younger workers through their corporate vision and shared values may succeed for many generations to come. Each generation has its high achievers and it’s not so high achievers. The â€Å"Traditionalists† from the World War II generation had â€Å"Zoot Suiters† and swing dancers. Baby Boomers had hippies, flower children, and Vietnam War protestors. The Gen X’ers and Nexters are no different. Since the end of World War II, each generation has felt that the generation succeeding them is not as ambitious or hardworking as they were. Today’s youth just has more outlets to express itself and the ability to display it more effectively than ever before. The key to improving or shaping employee attitudes, either younger or mature workers, is to improve job satisfaction and employee engagement. Employees that are engaged and feel satisfied with their jobs are more likely to display positive attitudes at work and work hard to succeed. For the first time in recent history, there are four generations of workers in the work force. While there has been little research on differences in generational values, intuitively one would expect values to change over generations. Traditionalists, or Veterans, are workers who grew up during the Great Depression and World War II first entered the workforce in the 1950’s and 60’s. They value hard work, maintaining the status quo, and respect for authority. They tend to be hardworking and practical and they place emphasis on maintaining a comfortable life and family security. Boomers, or Baby Boomers, were born after World War II through the mid-1960’s. They were heavily influenced by the Vietnam War, the civil rights movement, and women’s liberation. They brought with them a distrust of authority but tend to emphasize personal achievements and material success. They work hard but also want to be able to enjoy the fruits of their labors. Xers, or Generation X, have been shaped by globalization, two-career parents, AIDS, and computers. Xers value flexibility, options, and job satisfaction. They tend to be skeptical of authority. Although money is important, many Xers are willing to trade off promotions and pay increases for more leisure time and lifestyle options. In fact, Xers’ are less willing to make personal sacrifices for their employers than either of the other two generations. Finally, there are the Nexters or Generation Y. Nexters entering the work force have high expectations and seek meaning in their work. They grew up in the age of the internet, DVD’s, ATM’s and cell phones, so they tend to embrace technology and even take it for granted. Nexters seek financial success and desire the things that money can buy. (Robbins and Judge 123-125) Organizations that understand the generational diversity of their workforce and appeal to the distinct values of each group will be able to attract, recruit, and retain highly motivated individuals from across the spectrum, Differences between the generations have frequently caused divisions. The veterans distrusted boomers for their appearance and rejection of authority. Many Xers and Nexters attempt to emphasize their individuality by their â€Å"in your face† style of dress, tattoos, and body piercings. For example, in August 2008 an otherwise unnotable young man known as â€Å"MR Unstable† made international news when a 4 minute tape of him bathing in a sink at Burger King was posted in YouTube (youtube.com/watch?v=a1iyN7Y-jJQ). In the days following the posting it was viewed over 300,000 times. Copies and commentaries on the video have been viewed over a million times and MR Unstable has been interviewed on all major US television networks. I think most people who watched the video could relate to someone they know or have observed in the workplace. It’s fair to say that each generation feels that its succeeding generation has failed to measure up. This is most likely d ue to selective perceptions that older generations have about the succeeding generations. Some Xers and Nexters go to great lengths to display their creativity and individuality. Because we cannot assimilate everything that we see, we tend to give greater emphasis to what we perceive to be â€Å"extreme†, both positive and negative. Images of some baby boomers protesting the Vietnam War affected veterans’ perceptions of the entire generation. Likewise, images of celebrity Nexters such as Paris Hilton, Lindsey Lohan, and Brittney Spears behaving irresponsibly form the images that shape our perceptions of their entire generation. It is important to remember that while these celebrities may represent a portion of their generation, it is only a portion. They do not represent the attitude of their entire generation. For example, a company recently terminated a â€Å"Generation Y† female for safety violations, abuse of company property and horseplay on company time. At her exit interview, she was shown the security video tapes of her doing â€Å"doughnuts† on a forklift inside the warehouse and then jumping off the forklift onto the back of another associate that was walking nearby. Rather than acknowledge the possible damage or injuries that her actions could caused she wanted to know why she was not being given a warning prior to her termination. Up until that time, she had always been provided with multiple warnings and had never truly been held accountable for her actions. Contrast that to some of the soldiers, sailors, and airmen from our military. They are also from Generations X and, however their sense of responsibility and satisfaction from the job has led them to volunteer not just to join the Army Reserve but to volunteer for multiple hazardous duty tours in Iraq and Afghanistan in support of the Global War on Terror. Another factor that may affect attitudes of Gen Xers’ and Nexters is that fact that up until now they have not experienced a major economic downturn during their adult (wage earning) lifetime. They have not placed as much emphasis on job security as they have on other factors. If they lost a job or lost interest in a job, they could move rapidly to another. As unemployment climbs in our current economic crisis, job security is taking on new meaning and value for many of them. Finally, there is an element of truth to the perception that younger workers do not have the same attitudes and values as previous generations of workers. As noted previously, each generation of workers has somewhat different values from the others. For the most part, all workers in an organization are seeking some sort of challenge and job satisfaction. Younger workers generally find themselves entering the work force in entry level positions. These positions tend to be more physical or technical with less emphasis on creativity. These jobs tend to have average or below average job satisfaction levels. Increasing job satisfaction among the younger workers can be a key to early integration into the organization which in turn can lead to improved attitude and job performance. Successfully organizations will find opportunities to add meaning and value to entry level positions and ensure that the succession plan is articulated early so that new associates that value promotions an d additional responsibility have the ability to pursue them successfully. In conclusion, although the attitudes and appearance of younger workers are much different than those of past generations this does not mean that corporations and organizations that hire them are destined for failure. Organizations need to share their corporate vision with new associates them to integrate them into the organization. Associates that share and value the corporate vision are more likely to be motivated to ensure its future success. In some cases, some organizations may need to modify their corporate vision to include values that inspire and motivate Gen X’ers and Nexters. As mentioned above, each generation has or has had its own motivating factors. Successful organizations will be able to identify these motivators and integrate them into their vision and values and use them to attract and retain high caliber associates in the future. Research Papers on Intergenerational Attitudes in the WorkplaceTwilight of the UAW19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseHip-Hop is ArtInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement

Approach for Cancer Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Approach for Cancer Care - Essay Example Staging of Cancer Cancer staging refers to the extent or severity of cancer-based on the original tumor. Staging indicates the extent in which cancer has spread. There are four stages of cancer. Stage one to four. Factors such as the size of tumor, the extent of penetration, invasion into adjacent tissues and distant organs and the extent of metastasis, usually determine the stage of cancer. As tumors develop in a tissue or organ, they spread to other tissues and organs. They can also enter the blood stream or the lymphatic system and spread to other organs. Tumors spread from a primary site to a secondary site through a process called metastasis. Cancer staging is very important since it helps the doctors to predict death or survival and to provide treatment. The health care providers also use cancer staging to establish prognosis. Treatment can help restage cancer but rarely can it change the stage detected at diagnosis (Aronson, 2010). Staging also helps in identifying clinical trials that can suit particular patients. There are several systems used to cluster stages of cancer. They include the Tumor Node System, Ann Arbor system, scale I-IV, the FIGO system, Jewett Whitmore system and the Dukes staging system. These systems consider various elements used to cluster the stage. These include the primary site of the tumor, size, and the number of tumors, the tumor cell type, the involvement of tumor and metastasis (Wen, Schiff, & Quant, 2012). The most used cancer staging system is the Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) system. The TNM system usually clusters cancer in two stages, which include a clinical stage and a pathological stage. The clinical stage is the stage before surgery where cancer is described through physical examination and other forms o f diagnosis except biopsy. The pathological stage is the

Romantic Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Romantic Writing - Essay Example That aside, the city was covered with immense beauty with lovely people. There were echoes of good music across the city and many adored an advance of the majestic King from the royalty. His spender was a mark of beauty that drew the attention of everybody. The whole vicinity of the city was good for one to stay and it was full of comfort with the assurance of security and comfort of a friendly society. Everybody seemed to be calm and composed. There was no reason to cast doubt on anything or even to grow suspicious of any event that was to come. The society was accommodating with everybody minding own businesses. The paradox is evident when the poet makes an observation of a boy who they grew up and ended up in London after fate had forced him out of school because of his physical challenge. The boy upon return to his home was not the same as he had departed from a few years before. The boy who then had grown to a full man depicted an image that left everybody with little respect an d admiration of London. The boy was emaciated with a seemingly poor health. The health of the boy had deteriorated which was a thing that sent a signal that London was not a good place, as it seemed to be at the superficial cover. The presence of the boy revealed another aspect that the poet seemed to misunderstand. In the abode of the poet, things seemed to be normal and his perception was deceived to think that people in the capital city of England were nice. To the lame boy, things were quite different. The environment to him was marred with hostility and nobody seemed to care about anybody. Individualism befitted the description of the town dwellers and everybody minded their own business. Everybody was on their own; and worst of all, even the next door neighbors did not care about each other. Nobody cared about other peoples’ welfare and even the government did not mind of the welfare of the disabled and the destitute. The poor and the lame were left to survive on their own without any assistance lest they be eliminated by the cruel nature that was created by the selfish human beings. In England, people were permanent strangers to each other because unless there is a relationship that seem to benefit another person, then there was never a point of contact between people at all (Jeffrey 1992). People minded their own businesses without caring of another person. The city though had good people by site. They were very attractive with grin smiles all over their faces but this depiction was further blended with opposite thoughts of the time. Nobody was happy with one another and what seemed to be was just a mark of the opposite (Roe 1998). The environment was covered with beauty and the aesthetics of the city of a higher standard. The city was covered with imaginations of beauty and the calmness of ethos and morality. The presence of God seemed to be part of the city and accommodation of diversity seemed to be an accepted and an appreciable fact. Church es and religious depictions were many in the city. The increasing number of churches could send one to an imagination that folks there were following religious values and virtue taught by Christ. This was contrary. People were walking into churches, and hypocritically proclaiming goodness but immediately they step out of the church doors, life was taken as normal and the selfish lifestyle took effect. The poet is

General Motors (GM) Company - Case Analysis Report Essay

General Motors (GM) Company - Case Analysis Report - Essay Example   Please remove any chart or table from the paper.   Also, the following areas were not cover in the paper as I specified on my original instructions: Summarize the key ethical issues in the situation. Apply at least three of the ethical perspectives (teleology, egoism, utilitarianism, deontology, relativist, virtue ethics and Justice).   Just two theories were discussed. Analyze how the company’s corporate culture that may have either helped to minimize the unethical behavior or actually contributed to/caused the unethical behavior. Analyze how the company’s corporate governance (overall guidelines, strategic decisions/actions) may have either helped to minimize the unethical behavior or actually contributed to/caused the unethical behavior. Based on the ethical perspectives (theories of ethical thought presented in the course), what are the key factors that should be addressed or considered in resolving the legal/ethical issues identified in this case (as outlined above). List each ethical issue and then for each issue, the factors to be addressed or considered based on the ethical perspectives used above. Recommended corrective action – recommendations need to be related to the ethical issues and the recommend approaches or policies are the approaches that the company, not the government, need to take. Recommend corrective actions for each of the legal/ethical issues outlined above. Provide supporting rationale for each recommendations or industry examples of the use of your recommendations as â€Å" best practices†. Recommend approaches or policies that the company can take to help prevent these issues in the future. Provide supporting rationale for each recommendations or industry examples of the use of your recommendations as â€Å" best practices†. General Motors is a multinational company with headquarter at U.S engaged in the manufacturing and selling of trucks, cars and spare-parts. In the year 2007 alone, GM

Outliers the Story of Success Essay Example for Free

Outliers the Story of Success Essay Outliers: The story of success by Malcolm Gladwell is a very interesting book with realistic contents that I will be applying in my personal and professional life in years to come. I use the term interesting in a sense that not only it is a quick read but it actually provides a method behind the madness of success. The biggest point that the book makes and I don’t agree fully but to a certain degree that there is no such thing as a self made man. Right place, right time, right talent in my eyes are the powerful variables that influence as well as motivate the success of a human being. In order for the chemistry of these variables to work right one has to have a desire to capitalize on these variables in order to be successful. What I mean by desire is hard work and dedication, a relentless want to be perfect, to be successful, and to be an outlier. Like I mentioned above one has to be at the right place at the right time and a will to be successful. I have been in the financial industry for a little over fifteen years with the last seven years in a leadership position. The last few years have allowed me opportunities over time to acquire and develop talent. Over the years I have seen good talent go to waste because the individual would not capitalize on the time, place, and resources available to be successful. Majority of times these individuals would not put in the time to be successful. On the other side of the argument the talented individuals who are successful were the first ones in and last ones out. They were always willing to try new things, were flexible to support the business by embracing change, they were willing to work long hours, and had this enthusiastic drive to â€Å"GET BETTER† at all times and under all circumstances. I have to agree with the ten thousand hour rule that the author talks about especially when he uses the Beatles as an example. In my humble opinion the Beatles are a great example but they are one of many as the ten thousand hour rule is true for all the talent that is out there whether you look at entertainment, sports, corporate world, or entrepreneurship. In others words one has to pay their dues, they have to do their time, they have to stick it out and while doing so they have grow and get better but above all they have to learn from their mistakes and make adjustments as needed, the word strategy comes to mind. As per the National Federation of State High School Association one million high school kids participate in football, one out of seventeen play college football. As per the National Collegiate Athletic Association nine in ten housand high school senior football players eventually end up in the National Football League. In the 2012 National Football League Draft, out of the one million students who participated in high school football only two hundred and fifty three players were selected. As a kid they had dreams to play football and they achieve their dreams by working hard, sometimes studying hard as well, putting in the hours by practicing longer than anybody else around them, learning, understanding, and practicing new plays. As a teenager their lives revolve around football once the love for the game has been developed and it is deep enough for them to work hard at representing their high school with new dreams of playing for a good college or university. So essentially out of millions of kids in America who have a dream to play professional football, thousands make it to colleges and universities with football on their mind. They still have to put in the time, the hours, they have to pay their dues to be successful because the dreams just got bigger as in the National Football League. Out of these few thousand kids and their dreams only a few hundred will be selected to be a part of the National Football League. I can go on and on about any of the professional sports and the success stories behind them or the stories about the shattered dreams based on poor choices but I am not going to; instead I will agree with all the points the author makes in his book. If you don’t put in the time you are not going to be successful no matter what kind of talent you have. If you are than it has to be a pure stroke of luck. The one point that I will not agree with the author is his theory of the self made man. A self made man has the discipline and the drive to capitalize and maximize his potential, his opportunity, the time, the place, and the luck effectively and efficiently. This discipline and drive is what makes him a self made man. Case in point Troy Aikman versus Quincy Carter of the Dallas Cowboys. They both played for the same team at its peak, both of them were early draft picks; both of them had promising baseball careers before they chose football over baseball. One is a hall of famer worth millions and is still going strong in his post football career the other one is an independent coach with a long history of arrest records. Did Aikman put in more time than Carter or was Carter less talented than Aikman? I would agree with the later because Aikman capitalized on his natural ability to throw football with his drive to succeed and is still going on. Carter on the other hand did not capitalize to be successful by making poor choices and not learning from his mistakes or in words he did not embrace change or remember the word strategy mentioned above? Quincy Carter simply did not change his strategy in life. Finally I would rate the book as an eight on a scale of ten with ten being the best. In closing I would like to point out that you don’t have to be Jewish or an immigrant to be successful you have to have the drive, the desire, the need to be successful. In order to do so you have to maximize your potential and opportunity effectively and efficiently keeping in mind that it was your potential that granted you the opportunity. Be willing to change by embracing it and learning from it.

Navajo Life :: Navajo Tribe Native American

The Navajo tribe is the largest Native American group in Arizona. They first descended from the Apaches, who came from the Pueblos, also known as the Anasazi. The Navajo are known for weaving blankets, raising sheep, and generally being a peaceful tribe. Typically, the Navajo tribe was deeply religious, worshiping their common possessions, such as livestock and homes. The Navajo women were primary leaders in society. The typical Navajo's life was a wealth of culture. The Hogan is the traditional dwelling of the Navajo tribe. It was built of poles, bark, and mud, being approximately twenty-three feet in diameter. The doorway opened to the East, so as to welcome the sun, thus providing light. The Hogan was primarily used to prepare meals, sleep, and for shelter from rain. They were also used for healing ceremonies and burying the dead, if one died in a home. These homes were recognized as a symbol of goodness, resulting in being the main topic of spiritual tales. Today, one can observe ancient Hogans in museums of the Navajo. The traditional Hogan was generally a symbol of family life. Sheep were especially important in the culture of the Navajo tribe as they make out on a regular basis. These animals provided wool and food. The Navajo mainly raised Churro sheep, which had to be shorn twice a year. Sheep were also connected with religion, as they were the Navajos holiest possession. The sheep of the Navajo tribe provided a variety of essential needs. The Navajo tribe was particularly famous for weaving blankets. They raised their own materials for weaving such as cotton and sheep, as well as plants for dyeing, like onion and walnuts. As white settlers were traveling through Arizona, they often enjoyed purchasing these blankets. Intricate designs began being woven into the blankets in 1900. By the mid-twentieth century, the Navajo had become world famous for their weaving. The Navajo?s woven blankets were a vital financial resource to their tribe. Women held a significant role in Navajo society. Females were the primary leaders and owned property. When Navajo men married, they would dwell in the homes of his bride?s family. As women held an influential role in Navajo society, the coming of age at thirteen years old for females was celebrated with great parties, honoring the girl.

Distinguish Between the main Features of Perfect Competition and Monopo

Distinguish Between the main Features of Perfect Competition and Monopoly Market Structure There are three main features that distinguish between a perfect competition and monopoly market structure: the type of firm, the freedom of entry and the nature of the product (Sloman and Norris 1999, pg, 161). A table of these features is contained in Appendix A. These two market structures are on opposite ends of the scale and consequently, the features and benefits of each structure vary quite dramatically. Firms In a perfectly competitive market structure, there must be many firms in the market competing for business. In contrast to this, within a monopoly there is only one firm operating in the market. A firm that is operating within a perfect market is referred to as a price taker. Duffy (1993, pg. 107) explains that a condition of working within a perfectly competitive market is that â€Å"a price taker cannot control the price of the goods it sells; it simply takes the market price as given.† In a monopoly, the firm does not have to take the given price. It is able to search the market for the best price to charge relative to the demand for the product, profitability and availability of the resources for manufacture. This is particularly relevant when there is a shortage of supply. As there is only one seller of the product, consumers are forced to purchase the goods at a higher price. The International Encyclopaedia of Economics (1997, pg. 1041) states, ...

Adult Development and Substance Abuse

This research paper has been compiled through comprehensive collection of information from five different sources.   The area of substance abuse and its impact on the development progress of an individual has been explored.   This covers the range of personal capacity from social to economic spheres.Serious effects have especially been observed at the work place where by unlike the great need of talent competency required by the advance in technology and globalization, substance abuse is pushy behind the role of individuals in the economy.IntroductionThe substances in question are used for recreation purposes in some instances and for medical purposes in some other instances.   The moderate uses of some of the substances are therefore beneficial to the user while some should never be used at all.Continued and the over usage of these substances consequently becomes dangerous to the health of the user and consequent performance capacity of the user.   Examples of the substance in question with respect to this paper include â€Å"marijuana, hashish cocain or crack, sedatives, tranquillizers, stimulators, analgesics, tobacco†, among others (Finn & Hall, 2004, 34).The abuse in question refers to the use of those substances in the following ways:-Not for medical use, meaning when the user of the substance uses a substance with medical use, but against the purposes; on a personal prescription and without the doctor’s prescription.   The substance may also be used in prescription that are higher than what the doctor has prescribed in terms of quantities or frequencies (Frone, 2006).Effects of substance AbuseWhen a substance is wrongfully used in a way such as the one described above here, the substance becomes illicit whose effects includes impairment which has been found to occur frequently.   In the process of substance use and impairment, gender has been proven to play a vital role.   As regards gender men have been proven to be victims o f abuse and impairment more than women.   Women are only victims in most of the circumstances when there is a secondary factor leading to substance abuse.   Race does not play any factor in drugs abuse.   Education and age are very significant factors of abuse having been proven to posses an inverse variation.The â€Å"executive cognitive functioning of the individual and executive cognitive impairment is related to substance abuse† (Frone, 2006, 89).  Ã‚     The most prominent effects of substance abuse is exhibited in individual in the form of â€Å"anti-social characteristics and social deviance which are expressed in the form of anger, depression temperament, antisocial personality, conduct problems† among others (Frone, 2006, 89).Substance abuse has been observed to be promoted by the individual’s high levels of tendencies to respond to rewards and extremely low levels of tendencies to respond to punishments while disregarding social norms.   Th e abuser of the substance tends to be attracted to the salient more current and instant rewards and ignore the less salient future concurrent effects (Gallop, Crits- Christoph, Ten Have, Frank, Griffin & Thase, 2007).With regards to alcohol abuse excessive drinking is out of excitement associated with the habit.   The drinker imagines that pleasure is derived when poisoned by alcohol.   Alcohol problems tend to be principle causes of social deviance rather than alcohol use.   To become excited alcohol use is more prevalent than alcohol abuse (Gallop, Crits- Christoph, Ten Have, Frank, Griffin & Thase, 2007).Time is also important when it comes to alcohol abuse.   The responsibilities expected of an individual are interfered with when alcohol is taken at the wrong time.   Heavy alcohol intakes are bound to create alcohol problems.   The use of alcohol to excessive extremes affects the individuals self control.   Peer groups are also very influential towards the bad beha viors of alcohol abuse (Jackson, O’Neill & Sher, 2006).History of the family with respect to alcoholism also plays a significant part in areas of measures of seeking for excitement, Social deviance, alcohol related problems and reduced   fluency in speech expression.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The intelligence quotient of the alcohol abuser is also drastically lowered.   The health of the affected person deteriorates, the levels of productivity decreases and the safety of the respective person is greatly undermined (Finn & Hall, 2004).The current global economic position requires people to be effectively competent in their respective talents.   This goal is defeated by the abuse of these substances.   The substance when abused poisons the user and this is intoxication.  Ã‚   The abuse has some adverse negative effects on the functioning of the brain of the affected individual which is impaired.   The impairment brings about some absurd behaviors and some changes in the indiv idual.As the individual develop the habit of use of a substance, the body system devises some tolerance to the effects of the substance in which case the individual adapts to the use of the substance.   The body is in a position to cope with some specific doses of a substance.   The use of the substance beyond this adapted dose is tantamount to the abuse of the substance.The abuse is specifically detrimental to the workers who extend the impairment to their workplace. In the work place, the quality of work is negatively affected by substance abuse.The environment at work develops adverse physical and psychological attributes as a result of illicit drugs by employees (Wiesner, Windle, & Freeman, 2005). The abuse of drugs is bound to generate stress at work.   The extended use of illicit drugs in turn is responsible for very poor productivity levels at the work place.The personality of the individual is also adversely affected, with the individual acquiring some personality trai ts which are guided by the specific type of substance dependence.The personality traits exhibit some similar characteristics across substances that are usually abused High degrees of negative emotionality are directly related to alcohol use disorders, â€Å"high extraversion and low levels of conscientiousness† (Grekin, Sher & Wood, 2006, 79).On the other hand the extended use of cannabis sativa creates some â€Å"low extra versions on one hand and a high degree of openness to experience on the other hand† (Grekin, Sher & Wood, 2006, 77).     Ã‚  The personality of any individual has some positive correlation with the antisocial behavior and the abuse disorder associated with the use of a specific drug.There exists a significant association of personality and substance dependence and the ability to control behavior of negative consequence to the society.   The most affected group in the society by substance abuse ranges from adolescence to the early adulthood, an d a single behavior factor is very influential towards alcohol dependence, dependence on drug and the ‘antisocial personality disorder which is externalizing in nature’ (Frone, 2006,198).The abuse of these substances have been observed to yield such bad behaviors as skipping school, running away from homes, cases of shoplifting, thefts, at work, all these being considered to as deviant and aberrant behaviors.   These behaviors have been mostly observed in men more than in women, and therefore  Ã‚   gender is very significant in novelty seeking and substance abuse.The abuse all result to depression which in turn results to job stress and poor productivity.   This creates some high degrees of boredom at the job, the variety of skills deteriorates, and autonomy becomes significantly low.   There has been reported a linear corelatiship between binge drinking and the job stress, also the abuse of drugs and heavy drug use are positively correlated with stresses at the job (Jackson, O’Neill & Sher, 2006).This in turn results to psychological problems at the work place which is a contributor to risky health environment which is a result of† aversive work conditions† (Frone, 2006, 123).  Ã‚  Ã‚     Some of these conditions include noxious environments, insecurity in the job, being treated in an unfair manner, poor pay lack of benefits and promotions in the work among others.   All these become dangerous work conditions.In conclusion, the substance use Disorders have therefore been seen to have negative affectivity.   Some personality traits have also been found to be differentially correlated to the dependence symptoms associated with the use of alcohol, drugs and tobacco.With respect to abstinence from the abuse of these substances, gender has also been found to be very significant with men being found to have higher oscillations between use and abstinence as compared to women.  Ã‚     Time required for the transitio n between substance abuse and abstinence is very important as the transition cannot be achieved overnight.   This is quite important since the process goes through relapse to recovery.ReferencesEmily R. Grekin, Kenneth J. Sher, and Phillip K. Wood (2006), Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Personality and Substance Dependence Symptoms, Vol. 20, No. 4, 415–424Kristina M. Jackson, Susan E. O’Neill, and Kenneth J. Sher (2006), Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology: Characterizing Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 14, No. 2, 228–244Margit Wiesner, Michael Windle, and Amy Freeman (2005) ,Journal of Occupation Health Psychology: Work Stress, Substance Use and Depression Among Youth Adult Workers, Vol. 10 No.2, 83-96)Michael R. Frone (2006), Journal of Applied Psychology: Prevalence and Distribution of Illicit Drug Use in the Workforce and in the Workplace, Vol. 91, No. 4, 856–869.Peter R. Finn and Julie Hall (2004), Journal of Abnormal Psychology: Cognitive Abi lity and Risk for Alcoholism, Vol. 113, No. 4, 569–581.Robert J. Gallop,Paul Crits-Christoph, Thomas R. Ten Have, Jacques P. Barber Arlene Frank, Margaret L. Griffin, Michael E. Thase (2007), Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology: Differential Transitions Between Cocaine Use and Abstinence for Men and Women, Vol. 75 No 1,95 -103.